Halfmoon
Species: Medialuna californiensis (Steindachner, 1876); from the Spanish word medialuna (halfmoon, referring to the shape of the tail) and californiensis (California, where first found).
Alternate Names: Catalina blue perch, island mackerel, blooper, blue wizard, blue perch or blue bass. In early days sometimes called medialuna. In Mexico called chopa medialuna.
Identification: Halfmoon are perch-shaped but heavier bodied; they're similar in many ways to opaleye. Their coloring is normally bluish-black above, bluish-gray on sides, and light blue below. Occasionally has dark bars on side and has a dark spot above the operculum (gill cover). Their tail is shaped like a half-moon.
A halfmoon I caught from the Cabrillo Mole in Avalon on Catalina Island
Size: Although a record-size fish measured 19-inches and weighed 4 pounds 12.5 ounces, the vast majority that are caught are less then one foot in length. Smaller fish are sometimes found in large schools while the larger fish seem more solitary. The IGFA World Record fish is listed at 1 Lb. 13 oz. and was caught at Catalina Island in 2013.
Range: Southeastern corner of the Gulf of California, and along the Pacific Coast from southern Baja California, to Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Common from southern Baja California, to southern California, although warm water years may see them move north into central California.
Habitat: Halfmoon are typically found in intertidal, shallow-water, rocky areas and kelp beds although recorded to a depth of 144 feet. They're often in small loose schools in the mid-water area and, at times, mixed in with schools of pileperch.
Shoreline: A common catch of rocky shore anglers in southern California.
Boats: Although mainly considered an inshore species, quite a few are landed by anglers fishing from boats, especially at Catalina.
Bait and Tackle: Halfmoon will take almost any bait but they prefer fresh mussels, shrimp, or small crabs. When schools are present, a small strip of squid will often work, and you will lose far less bait. Halfmoon caught from boats seem to be less picky and will often hit pieces of anchovy, sardine, or squid.
A halfmoon caught at the Cabrillo Mole by Jimbojack
Food Value: Basically the same as their sea chub cousins opaleye. A good eating fish that is mild flavored, small flaked, firm textured, and low in fat content. It is suitable for many forms of cooking but most commonly fried or steamed whole.
Comments: Halfmoon are good fighters; I think if they reached a larger size they would be prized sportfish. As is, their fight is very similar to opaleye. Their eating habits are also similar to opaleye (both are considered to be herbivorous species that mainly eat plants) but they will eat almost anything in their environment including red, green, and brown algae, sponges, bits of seaweed, green moss, shrimp, mussels, squid, and fish. Apparently they have a hard time deciding whether to be vegans or meat-eaters and that may explain their scrappy and perhaps irritable nature.
One interesting characteristic of the fish is to occasionally lie on their side in a “floating leaf” position with the anal region near the surface and the head and tail turned downward. After exposing its body for a time to the light in this position it will then reverse its flexure so that the opposite side is exposed to the light. A tanning technique?
It seems they can also make a quick color change. California Fish & Game, April 1960, mentioned just such a change. “When a half-grown harbor seal escaped from its tank at Marineland of the Pacific and entered the large tank occupied by the fish, a number of adult halfmoon suddenly displayed a striking change in color, apparently as a fright reaction. They developed a dark-gray longitudinal band along the middle third of the side, and above it a narrower, whitish band, contiguous to the normal bluish gray color of the back. This color change may he a cryptic device to obliterate the outline of the fish either from above or from below. (Kenneth S. Norris, personal communication.)”
A halfmoon caught in Mission Bay by IsoGure
Apparently the population of halfmoon can see large variations depending upon cool and warm water years. Leigh Ann Grabowsky in Environment Now (July 2001), said, “kelp is extremely important to the survival of halfmoon, not only as its primary habitat but also as a main food source.” Citing studies in the ‘80s and ‘90s, she showed how El Niño warm-water years saw a huge drop-off both in kelp and the halfmoon population. Later, as the water temperatures returned to cooler temperature, kelp beds recovered, as did the population of halfmoon.
Halfmoon
Species: Medialuna californiensis (Steindachner, 1876); from the Spanish word medialuna (halfmoon, referring to the shape of the tail) and californiensis (California, where first found).
Alternate Names: Catalina blue perch, island mackerel, blooper, blue wizard, blue perch or blue bass. In early days sometimes called medialuna. In Mexico called chopa medialuna.
Identification: Halfmoon are perch-shaped but heavier bodied; they're similar in many ways to opaleye. Their coloring is normally bluish-black above, bluish-gray on sides, and light blue below. Occasionally has dark bars on side and has a dark spot above the operculum (gill cover). Their tail is shaped like a half-moon.
A halfmoon I caught from the Cabrillo Mole in Avalon on Catalina Island
Size: Although a record-size fish measured 19-inches and weighed 4 pounds 12.5 ounces, the vast majority that are caught are less then one foot in length. Smaller fish are sometimes found in large schools while the larger fish seem more solitary. The IGFA World Record fish is listed at 1 Lb. 13 oz. and was caught at Catalina Island in 2013.
Range: Southeastern corner of the Gulf of California, and along the Pacific Coast from southern Baja California, to Vancouver Island, British Columbia. Common from southern Baja California, to southern California, although warm water years may see them move north into central California.
Habitat: Halfmoon are typically found in intertidal, shallow-water, rocky areas and kelp beds although recorded to a depth of 144 feet. They're often in small loose schools in the mid-water area and, at times, mixed in with schools of pileperch.
A halfmoon caught from the Cabrillo Mole by Hans Jones
Piers: Common at southern and central California piers that are located near rocks, reefs or kelp. Some years common as far north as Cayucos and occasionally taken as far north as Santa Cruz. Best bets: Ocean Beach Pier, the Green Pleasure Pier and Cabrillo Mole in Avalon (the two best piers), Hermosa Beach Pier (by the reef), Redondo Harbor Sportfishing Pier, Santa Monica Pier, Paradise Cove Pier, Gaviota Pier. .
Shoreline: A common catch of rocky shore anglers in southern California.
Boats: Although mainly considered an inshore species, quite a few are landed by anglers fishing from boats, especially at Catalina.
Bait and Tackle: Halfmoon will take almost any bait but they prefer fresh mussels, shrimp, or small crabs. When schools are present, a small strip of squid will often work, and you will lose far less bait. Halfmoon caught from boats seem to be less picky and will often hit pieces of anchovy, sardine, or squid.
A halfmoon caught at the Cabrillo Mole by Jimbojack
Food Value: Basically the same as their sea chub cousins opaleye. A good eating fish that is mild flavored, small flaked, firm textured, and low in fat content. It is suitable for many forms of cooking but most commonly fried or steamed whole.
Comments: Halfmoon are good fighters; I think if they reached a larger size they would be prized sportfish. As is, their fight is very similar to opaleye. Their eating habits are also similar to opaleye (both are considered to be herbivorous species that mainly eat plants) but they will eat almost anything in their environment including red, green, and brown algae, sponges, bits of seaweed, green moss, shrimp, mussels, squid, and fish. Apparently they have a hard time deciding whether to be vegans or meat-eaters and that may explain their scrappy and perhaps irritable nature.
One interesting characteristic of the fish is to occasionally lie on their side in a “floating leaf” position with the anal region near the surface and the head and tail turned downward. After exposing its body for a time to the light in this position it will then reverse its flexure so that the opposite side is exposed to the light. A tanning technique?
It seems they can also make a quick color change. California Fish & Game, April 1960, mentioned just such a change. “When a half-grown harbor seal escaped from its tank at Marineland of the Pacific and entered the large tank occupied by the fish, a number of adult halfmoon suddenly displayed a striking change in color, apparently as a fright reaction. They developed a dark-gray longitudinal band along the middle third of the side, and above it a narrower, whitish band, contiguous to the normal bluish gray color of the back. This color change may he a cryptic device to obliterate the outline of the fish either from above or from below. (Kenneth S. Norris, personal communication.)”
A halfmoon caught in Mission Bay by IsoGure
Apparently the population of halfmoon can see large variations depending upon cool and warm water years. Leigh Ann Grabowsky in Environment Now (July 2001), said, “kelp is extremely important to the survival of halfmoon, not only as its primary habitat but also as a main food source.” Citing studies in the ‘80s and ‘90s, she showed how El Niño warm-water years saw a huge drop-off both in kelp and the halfmoon population. Later, as the water temperatures returned to cooler temperature, kelp beds recovered, as did the population of halfmoon.